What Are the Set Operations in Data Structure?
In data structures, a set is a collection of unique elements. Set operations allow us to perform various tasks on sets, such as combining sets, finding common elements, or checking if an element belongs to a set. In this article, we will explore the different set operations and how they can be implemented using data structures.
1. Union
The union operation combines two sets and returns a new set containing all the unique elements from both sets. In other words, it creates a set that contains all the elements present in either of the two sets.
To perform the union operation:
- Create an empty result set.
- Add all the elements from the first set to the result set.
- Iterate through each element in the second set:
- If the element is not already present in the result set, add it.
2. Intersection
The intersection operation finds and returns a new set that contains only the common elements between two sets. It creates a new set that includes elements present in both sets.
To perform the intersection operation:
- Create an empty result set.
- Iterate through each element in the first set:
- If an element is also present in the second set, add it to the result set.
3. Difference
The difference operation returns a new set that contains only the elements from one set that are not present in another. It creates a new set by removing common elements from the first set.
To perform the difference operation:
- Create an empty result set.
- Iterate through each element in the first set:
- If an element is not present in the second set, add it to the result set.
4. Subset
The subset operation checks if all the elements of one set are present in another set. It returns true if all elements of the first set are also present in the second set; otherwise, it returns false.
5. Superset
The superset operation checks if one set contains all the elements of another set. It returns true if all elements of the second set are present in the first set; otherwise, it returns false.
Conclusion
Set operations are essential for manipulating sets and performing various tasks on them. By understanding and implementing these operations, you can efficiently work with sets in data structures and solve complex problems that involve sets.
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